Validation of the Brief Edinburgh Depression Scale (BEDS) in a Mexican population with advanced cancer in a palliative care service.

OBJECTIVE: Depression in palliative advanced cancer patients is common, but often goes unrecognized. One of the first steps toward improving detection is the development of tools that are valid in the specific language and setting in which they are to be used. The Brief Edinburgh Depression Scale (BEDS) is a sensitive case-finding tool for depression in advanced cancer patients that was developed in the United Kingdom. There are no validated instruments to identify depression in Mexican palliative patients. Our aim was to validate the Spanish-language version of the BEDS in Mexican population with advanced cancer. METHOD: We conducted a cross-sectional study with outpatients from the palliative care unit at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología in Mexico City. The Mexican BEDS was validated against a semistructured psychiatric clinical interview according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, classification criteria for major depressive disorder. The interviewer was blind to the BEDS score at the time of the assessment. RESULT: Seventy subjects completed the scale and interview. Women represented 71.4% of the sample and median age of subjects was 56.5 years (range, 20-85 years). The prevalence of major depressive disorder according to the psychiatric interview was 20%. The most valid cutoff for defining a case of depression was a score ≥5 of 18 on the Mexican BEDS, which gave a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 62.5%. The scale's Cronbach's alpha was 0.71. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: Major depressive disorder is frequent in Mexican palliative patients. The Spanish-language Mexican version of the BEDS is the first valid case-finding tool in advanced cancer patients in this setting.

Diagnóstico en la familia del niño con tartamudez / Diagnosis in the family of the child with stuttering

Introducción: la tartamudez es uno de los trastornos de la comunicación más llamativos, de mayor y peor repercusión psicológica, que afecta a los niños desde edades tempranas.Objetivo: determinar el nivel de preparación que posee la familia para el manejo del niño con tartamudez.Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en la Consulta de Logofoniatría del Hospital Provincial General Docente Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola de Ciego de Ávila. La muestra quedó conformada por 20 familias de niños con tartamudez, de edades entre los 4 y 10 años, que asisten regularmente a esta Consulta.Resultados: 30 por ciento de las familias mantienen un ambiente verbal adecuado, 25 por ciento manifiestan un conocimiento elemental del trastorno, y 15 por ciento no poseen ningún conocimiento sobre la tartamudez. Todas las familias coinciden en que son necesarios-desde la detección del trastorno-la preparación y el vínculo con las vías y modos de actuación para propiciar el ambiente comunicativo adecuado, pero no utilizan de manera intencional recursos psicológicos que permitan estabilizar las emociones de los niños: 25 por ciento de las familias son pacientes y esperan a que los niños terminen de hablar; 20 por ciento los ignoran y 55 por ciento manifiestan un comportamiento ansioso, desesperado, tenso, con respecto a los tropiezos de sus hijos.Conclusiones: las familias no poseen suficientes conocimientos para el manejo correcto de los niños con tartamudez. Se confirma la necesidad de preparación de las familias en los aspectos esenciales de este trastorno oral, para influir en la labor correctiva y compensatoria del mismo(AU)

Introduction: stuttering is one of the most striking disorders of communication, with more and worse psychological impact, that affects children from an early age.Objective: to determine the preparation level of family for the management of children with stuttering.Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Logofoniatria Consultation at Provincial General Teaching Hospital Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola of Ciego de Ávila. The sample was composed of 20 families of children who stutter, aged between 4 and 10 years who regularly attend this Consultation.Results: 30 percent of families maintain an adequate verbal environment, 25 percent express an elementary knowledge of the disorder and 15 percent do not have any knowledge about stuttering. All families agree that there are necessary -from detection of the disorder- the preparation and the link to the ways and modes of action to promote a proper communication environment, but they not used intentionally psychological resources to stabilize the emotions of children: 25 percent of families are patient and wait for the children finish speaking; 20 percent ignore them, and 55 percent manifest an anxious, desperate, tense behavior regarding the difficulties of their children.Conclusions: families do not have sufficient knowledge for the correct handling of children who stutter. It is confirmed the need for preparation of families in the essential aspects of this oral disorder, to influence corrective and remedial work of the same(AU)

Sistema de actividades educativas para fortalecer el valor honestidad en los estudiantes del primer año de la carrera de Bibliotecología en la enseñanza técnica y profesional / Educational activities system to reinforce the honesty value in students of the First year of Library Science in the technical and professional education career

El Sistema Nacional de Educación le interesa potenciar los valores que estén en correspondencia con sus aspiraciones y que van a determinar una conducta en la vida ciudadana, cualidades y rasgos individuales que correspondan a estos intereses sociales, pues como se conoce, los valores por el carácter social que representa poseen doble significación, por ello el problema de investigación es: ¿Cómo contribuir al fortalecimiento del valor honestidad en los estudiantes de primer año de Politécnico Daniel Rivero? El objetivo trazado fue elaborar un sistema de actividades educativas para contribuir al fortalecimiento del valor honestidad en dichos estudiantes. Los métodos y técnicas del nivel empírico utilizados fueron: observación, revisión de documentos, encuesta a estudiantes, entrevista a profesores. Dentro del método estadístico se utilizó el análisis porcentual. La población fue constituida por la totalidad de los estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Bibliotecología, se utilizó un muestreo probabilístico intencional para trabajar con una muestra de 18 estudiantes. La realización del pre experimento demostró que el sistema de actividades educativas es efectivo y contribuye al fortalecimiento del valor honestidad en los estudiantes seleccionados(AU)

The National System of Education is interested in strengthen the values that are in correspondence with its aspirations and it is going to determine a behavior in the citizen life, qualities and individual characteristics that correspond to these social interests, as it knows, the values by the social character that represents possess double significance, that´s why the problem of investigation is: how to contribute to the strengthening of the honesty value in the first year students of Daniel Rivero Polytechnic? The objective was to elaborate a system of educational activities to contribute to the strengthening of the honesty value in the students. The methods and techniques of the empirical level used were: observation, documents review, survey to students and interview to professors. Inside the statistical method it was used the percentage analysis. The population was constituted by the totality of the first year students of the Library Science career, an intentional probabilistic sampling was used to work with a sample of 18 students. The realization of the pre experiment showed that the educational activities system is effective and contributes to the strengthening of the honesty value in the selected students(AU)